Robust, clump-forming perennial with long, thick, white rhizomes. Leathery, arching leaves (20-70 x 2-6 cm) with watery sap grow from the base in clumps of up to 20. Umbrella-shaped clusters (7 x 5 cm) of many small, purplish-blue or white flowers are produced from December to February, followed by thin, papery, black seeds.
Perennial, evergreen, climbing, almost hairless, non-woody vine with very long, round, tough, stems that root at nodes. Smooth edged leaves are arranged in opposite pairs on stems, and are divided along the midvein into usually 7 leaflets with the terminal leaflet (<7 x 2.5 cm) the largest. Clustered, tube-like white flowers that are pink when in bud and very fragrant (Jan-Dec), are very rarely followed by glossy black berries (5-8 mm diameter).
Rampant, evergreen vine (<10 m tall) with smelly, milky sap and twining flexible stems that are covered in down and woody near the base. Dark green leaves (3-12 x 2-6 cm) are hairless and dull on the top, greyish-downy underneath, and opposite on the stems. Clusters of 2-4 bell-shaped white flowers (20-25 mm diameter Dec-May), occasionally with pink streaks, are followed by distinctive thick, leathery, pear-shaped choko-like pods (10 x 7 cm) containing kapok-like pulp, which splits open to disperse many black, thistledown-like seeds.
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